glasel



1 APPLICATION FILED APR. 12, I91?- J I c. 1. GLASEL. PROCESS OF TREATING HIDES AND HIDE TREAHNG APPARATUS,

Patented May 2, 1922.

(1. GLASEL PROCESS OF TREATING HIDES Mm HlDE TREATWG APPARATUS.

APPLICATION HLED APR. 12. 19H- 1 ,4 1 4,404. Patented May 2, 1922.

9 SHEETS-ASHER 2.

C. I. GLASEL PROCESS OF TREATING HIDES ANS mm mmmc APPARATUS. 1,414,404.

2 m E Em y s w J: T iv a m WW m 9 v PROCESS OF THEATWG HIUES AND HIDE TREATING APPARATUS.

APPLICATION mu) APR azi x911.

1,41 4,404. Patented May 19 9 SHELTS hHHW I APPLICATION HLED APR. 12. I911- Patented May 2, 1922.

9 SHEETSSHEET 5.

APPLICATION FILED APR. I2. 191]- Patented May 2, 1922.

p. I. GLASEL. PROCESS OF TREATING HIDES AND HIDE TREATING APPARATUS.

APPLICATION FILED APR- I2, IQII- 1,414,404. Patented May 2, 1922.

9 SHEETS SHEEI i.

C. J. GLASEL.

PROCESS OF TREATING HIDES AND HIDE TREATING APPARATUS.

APPLICATION FILED APR 12, I917- Patented May 2, 1922.

9 SHEETS -SHEET 8 anvewio t C/wuales e/ofin G'lcasel C. I. GLASEL. PROCESS OF TREATING HIDES AND HIDE TREATING APPARATUS.

APPLICATION FILED AF. I2, IQIT- Patented May 2, 1922.

9 SHEETSSHEET 9.

WWW.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

CHARLES JOHN GIJASEL, OF NEW YORK, N. Y., ASSIGNOR, BY MESNE ASSIGNMENTS,

TO LUISE HAG-EN GLASEL, 01 NEW YORK, N. Y.

raocnss or resume mnns am) HIDE-TREATING arrnnarus,

To all whom-it may concern! V Be it known that I CHARLES Jomv Gnnsnn, a citizen of the llnited States, residing at New York, in the county of New York and State of New York, have invented new and-useful Improvements in Processes of TreatingI-Iides and Hide-Treating Apparatus, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to a process for depilating, treating and tannmg: hides, skins, and parts thereof and to a, device facilitating such treatments. I 1

One ob ect of this invention is to provide a process or method for depilatmg, tanning and treating in large quantities hides, skins, etc., in whole or 111 parts thereof, suspended and confined within a retatable receptacle under the influence of prepared solids, liquid or gaseous treating media, and exposed to temperature and pressure changes, and to the influence of an electric current, while said hides are being alter nately stretched and relaxed, i. e. worked artificiallyin a curvilinear manner from points other than that of thGiPSlISpBIlSlOR,

or moved bodily within their confinement, without being artificially worked;

- Theartifieial curvilinear manner of working causes a full or supreme treatment of the hides by opening and closing. their, ores and by stretching, and contracting the iiides wherebythe solid partsof the tannin or other tanning and treating agents, which become solid through. the process or when entering into the pores and in between the fibrous web structure of the hides developed by their treatment, are retained therein, while theliquid or gaseous agents are expelled by the contraction of thepores and web. The artificial curvilinear manner of worlrin is applicable individually to any one hide and may be reduced or stopped. entirely ,bymeans from outside the apparatus at any-desired time without i11- terrupting thetannin and treating proc ess of that or any 01; or hide. A natural working or plain or secondary treatment may be substituted for the, artificial working or full treatment, said fplain treatment consistingin breathing of the hides whileinoving bodily in their confinement and without bein otherwise mechanically. agitated. The reathing-is a. sort of a siphonvaction causedby the afiinity Specification ofvLetters Patent. Patented May 2, 1922 7 Application filed a ron, 1917. serial No. 161,449.

of one to the other of the hides and by their bodily motions toward and from each other when revolving. hides draw together, when ascending they separate.

Another object of this invention is to pro vide a machine in which the process of treating may be carried out on a itated hides, skins, etc., hermetically confine in the presence of organic and inorganic agents used either together or individually, and especially the treatment with a solution of metallic invredients, like compositions of antimony stilts, etc., carbonates and hydroxides, under the influence of a vacuum or pressure as required.

A further object of the invention involves the construction of the machine wherein the process may be carried out in continually injecting, exchanging, replenishing, strengthening, purifying, differently mixing, converting, heating, cooling said tanning' and treating agents during the period of the treatment of the rotatably suspended hides confined in a rotatable container, and while said hides are being worked mechanically in a curvilinear manner, all this be ing' made possible at any time durin the unmterruped continuation of the process.

- Another object is the provision of a means for accomplishing a process or method of directly treating hides, skins, etc., with gaseous agents Without interfering with either the mechanical or the aforementioned chemical treatments of the hides, and while the chemical or physical metamorphosis of the treating mgredients is go in on.

, further object-of the invention is to provide a process or method for treating hides, skins, etc., confined in a container, whereby the interior may be cooled off to a freezing temperature chemically, by creating a vacuum, or by using still other means, employing either one of these methods separately or in combination, or whereby the interior may be heated to any desired temperature either chemically, physically or mechanically, and whereby such temperature may be either maintained or changed as is deemed necessary while the other mechanical and chemical treatments of the hides are taking place without the interruption of the process.

btill another object of this invention con- When descending, the

sists ofto provide a process of treating the hides by agents of any desired specific gravity or density and changing the specific gravity or density at any time during the treating process and without interrupting it. For instance starting the treatment with agents of high specific gravity or density, and subsequently decreasing the specific gravity or density of the agents, by increasmg their temperature, changing the pressure within the container or introducing certain gaseous agents into the container, to obtain a thorough penetration of the treat ing agents into the hide structure.

A further object of this invention is the process of treating hides confined in a container with agents, mechanically agitating and causing a wave-like motion of said agents, and circulating these agents in such a manner as to produce a spray upon the hides, in order to insure a proper treatment and thorough penetration of said agents in and to all parts of the hides.

Another object of this invention is to provide apparatus so arranged as to enable all the foregoing chemical, physical and mechanical phases of the process to take place and to be modified by several independent sources, and to allow the individual curvilinear artificial rhanner of working of the hides, skins, etc, from other points than those of their suspension, providin means whereby the curvilinear manner 0? working of any or some or all oi the hides may be stopped or reduced from outside of the machine, according to the treatment necessary for each individual hide, and providing means for substituting for the curvilinear manner of working a natural working of the hides, a record, description or pedigree of each hide or skin being provided for outside of the machine, indicating the length of time required for the adequate full treatment of each individual hide, and eliminating therefore the necessity of the reopening of the rotating receptacle for inspection.

The foregoing and other objects of the invention will be more fully apparent in the following specification describing the process or method, and the drawings illustrating preferred forms of the devices employed in the process, which drawings represent a material part of this application, and in which Fig. l is aside elevation of the complete apparatus.

Fig. 9. is a vertical sectional view of the same.

Fig. 3 is a. transverse sectional view taken on line 33 of Fig. 2.

Fig. 4; is a similar transverse sectional view talren on line 44 of Fi 2.

Fig. 5 is an enlarged vertical sectional view taken on line 5-5 of Fig. 2.

Fig. 6 is a similarly enlarged side view of aportion of the machine shown in Fig ure 5.

Fig. 7 is an enlarged fragmental longitudinal sectional view and part longitudinal of part of the rear head and supporting axle of the machine.

Fig. 8 is a fragmental plan viewof the annular support for the hide suspending slats.

Fig. 9 is a similar view of the oppositely disposed support.

Fig. 10 is a fragmentary view-showing in detail the arrangement of slats when spread.

Fig. 11 isa cross-sectional view of the slats when in operative engagement.

Fig. 12 is a. view, similar to Fig. 10, showin a. modified form of slat construction.

Fig. 13 is a perspective view of a lever disengager.

Fig. 14 is a front plan view of the same.

Fig. 15 is a diagranunatic view showing a percolator or formator together with the charging means.

Fig. 16 is a vertical sectional view of the re lenishing chamber.

*iv. 17 1s a partial plan and cross-sectiona view of the same.

Fig. 18 is a sectional view showing the inlet valve.

Fig. 19 is a similar view showing the out let valve.

Fig. 20 is a side elevation partially in section of a. modification of the apparatus.

Fig. 21 is a transverse sectional view taken on line 2121 of Fig. 20.

,ig. 22 is a transverse sectional view taken on line 22-22 of Fig. 20, showing a modified form.

Fig. 23 is a vertical sectional view of an exchangeable central element of the apparatus. V

v Fig. 24 is a side elevation partially in section of a stationary apparatus.

Fig. 25 is a transversal sectional view taken on line 25-25 of Fig. 24.

Fig. 9G is a vertical sectional view of the hide supporting frame.

In ordinary apparatus for treating hides, suspended in a closed receptacle, it has been found that the weakening of the different tanning medium during the process necessitates the frequent opening of the receptacle to recharge or renew it with agents of the proper strength. This results in delays, on tailing loss o'flabor. material and time, as opening the receptacle allows the part-1y linished leather to come in contact with the atmosphere and consequently to set, and thereby necessitates repeating the process in order to obtain the desired results.

The agitation of the hides and the supply a are overcome, there isalso'involved the provision of an apparatus as illustratively disclosed in the attached drawings, as an aid in carr ing out the process.

T llS apparatus will now be described in connection with the improved process, so that the process, as welleas th'e prefer red forms of apparatus, Will'be easily understood by those skilled in the art,

The rece tacle 5" (Fi ures 1 and 2) consists of a cy inderbound y hoops 6, and having nearone end acurved rail 7, completely encirclin the cylinder and adapted to rotate uponlro er bearings 8, mounted in a low pedestal 9, supporting the receptacle at that end. The other endlof the receptacle is supported by a bearing 4, containing the piston 10, mounted on the upright pedestal 11, the

istoncontaining a num er of passages and eing so arranged as to turn withthe receptacl in eitherdirectionin which it may rotate.

At both ends of the receptacle '5 are wooden heads 12, that end upon which the rail 7 is engaged having a metal head 13 secured to the wooden headQa-nd passing centrally throu h an opening in the head 13 is an ad justalile screw 14 provided with aswivel 15, connected by links 16 with a movable frame 17, carrying fasteners 18, towhich the hides may be secured. Attached to the wooden heads 12 are rings 19 and 20, the function of ivivhaichwill be hereinafter more fully specie. The screw 14: is a'djnstedby means of the hand wheel 21, having a screw threaded hub, bearing upon the sleeves 22 set, in an opening in the head 13.- The opposite end of the receptacle also has wme'tal head 23, the exterior 'of which is formed into an internal spur gear wheel 24, the metal heads being engaged together by means oi a plurality of metal stri s25 passing' longitudinally from end to'end and over the exterior of the receptacle,lfo rming in effect a skeleton frame engagingboth metal heads. The receptacle 1 head next to thepiston has several air-tight closing doors 101 provided to facilitate the sus ensionl of the hides in the'rece 'tacle.

he hides are hung into slots 26 ormed by three bars comprising a central element 27, and two side elements 30, the former having double pointed pins 28 adapted to i enter sockets 29 of the side elements 39, after passing through the hides. When the hides are secured and the elements closed together, one endof the bars or slats isinserted'into the closed sockets ,32 of the ring 20, and the other'send into the opensockets 33 of the ring 19. i

As will be seen in Figures 3, 4, 8, 9, sockets 32 and 33 are formed in circles and at an angle'to the radii of said circles and equally slidably mounted on guides 41, attached to the head 12 radially to and around the horirental axis oi the receptacle, the shorter lever ends opposite the attaching hooks bein suited to enter the annular groove39 formed around the inner end of the piston 10. When the latter reciprocates, the levers are oscillated toward and from the head 12, thereby alternately stretching and relaxing the hides in such relation to the longitudinal axis of the receptacleand according to the different speed of rotation of the receptacle, to cause the hides and skins to move in a curvilinear or wave like manner. The amount of stretching may be controlled by the hand Wheel 21. These manipulations give heretofore unknown and uite remarkable results, as to the increase of tie eficctivc treating and tanning surface, and may be repeated as many times as deemed necessary.

In the event it is desired to render the levers 37 inoperative, their forked outer ends, moved toward the head of the receptacle by the inward movement of the iston 10, are ada ted to engage with the looks 40. In orc or to engage with vthe hooks,'the brackets 38 must be shifted outward from the center upon their radial guides 41 into a position indicated in dotted ines in Figure 7, so' as to disengage the shorter end of the lever 37 from the annular groove 39 of the reciprocating piston 10.

This i accoi'nplished from the exterior of the receptacle by means of the eccentrics 42 operated in rectangular recesses 43 of the or may be locked so as to remain quiescent.

holding the hides in a dormant condition inside of the receptacle, allowing only their breathing" and their bodily motion through the tanning agents within the rotating machine.

Above each of the crank arms 46, which extend outwardly through the end of the receptzwl, are placed index cards 95 upon which may be made a record 96 of the special nature of the hide with which the connecting hook is engaged, so that the necessary treatment may be given to each individual hide.

Around the outside of the receptacle 5, as shown in Figures 1, 2 and 3 is a hollow annular ring l? divided by partitions ar into chambers 4'? each chamber having a passage way opening outward, provided with removable air-tight covers 48, whereby access to the interior of the ring may be had. Into any of these chambers 47 diflierent chemicals may be inserted which, during the rotation of the receptacle, come in contact with the other treating medium, causing reactions of different sorts, producing the cooling or heating of the agents, etc. These evolutions may be aided by passing an electric current into the medium as indicated at A & 13 located between the strips 25. The ring 47 with its chambers 1:7 for receiving chemicals represents one of the independent sources from which a replenishing, changing, mixing, converting, cooling, heating, etc., of the treating and tanning medium may take place.

Some of the chambers 47 connect through perforations 49 with the interior of the receptacle, the chambers being adapted to receive antimony salts or the like, which are dissolved by the heat of an electric current into the liquids used and enters into the container through perforations 49, and the electric connections are shown by 48' on Figs. 1 and 2.

All partitions 4:7" dividing the ring 47 into chambers, have communicating openings 47 near the outer shell of the ring, so that the tanning liquids may freely flow from one chamber into the other when reaching their lowest position during the rotation of the receptacle. These communicating openings however, possess checkvalves 47 which open in the direction of the rotation and close by gravity when ascending after having passed the lower part of the vertical axis ofthe receptacle, thus preventing the tanning liquids gathered at the lowest portion of ring 47, from escaping from the ascending chamber into the next one now reaching its lowest position.

The tanning and treating liquids are thus elevated within the chambers above the plane of the horizontal axis of the receptacle and drip through perforations 49 upon the hides. From one of these chambers however, the liquids flow by gravity through the single longitudinally disposed connecting pipe 51), and the radial pipe 51 into the passage 56 of the piston 10, passingthe checltvalve 100 now open, located in the inner piston head. This chamber having no perforations, forces the liquid to flow through. its only outlet into pipe 50. The checkvalve 100 closes and prevents the back-flow of the liquids from the pistonpassageback into pipe 51 when beneath the plane ofthe horizontal axis of the receptacle. The conduit 56 of the piston 10 has an opening 57 termi nating in an annular recess of the piston bearin g 58 which latter-is connected by means of a pipe 59 and a. pump 102' (indicated in Fig. 15) with a percolato-r seen in Figures 15, 16, and 17. Thus the liquids may be drained out of the rotating receptacle without necessitating its opening.

The percolator, into which the exhausted tanning liquids contained in pipe 59 are passed or syphoned (by means of a pump or any other suitable arrangement) from the rotating receptacle, serves to purify, replen ish orchange the chemical composition of the tanning or treating media, during which process it may be also cooled or'heated. The medium thus improved and of proper temperature may be brought back into the re ceptacle and used as fresh supply.

The percolator represents one of the independent sources for metamorphosing and replenishing the media in the rotating, nonstoppiug receptacle. Theconstruction and operation of the percolator will be hereafter explained.

The interior arrangements of the ring 47 are such, during the rotation of the receptacle, as to cause the medium to be drawn into the conduit from which it flows and is drawn by suction due to the reciprocating movement of the piston. The piston 10 in addition to supporting one end of the receptacle, is bored to provide at least four conduits, as shown in Figures 2 and 5.

Through one of these conduits 52 fresh tanning liquids are supplied by means of the pipe 53 from the percolator or from any other desired source. The pipe 53 equipped with valve 53 and passing a feeder 103 (shown in Figure 15), and a. device 104. for heating or cooling the treating agents from outside, terminates in the hollow head 54 resting upon the outer end of upright pedestal 11 and fills the head with the liquid. A valve is provided at the one end of the conduit 52, proj'ectinginto the head 54, the other end, reaching into the interior of the receptacle, being open. The stem of the valve projects through its housing to ward the inner wall of the head. When the piston moves toward the receptacle with the valve 55 closed hy spring 55, the liquids will be sucked from pipe 53 into the hollow head 54 while the suction opens the valve 53". On the return stroke of the piston valve 53- closes and the stem of valve 55 strikes against the inner Wall of the head and consequently opens the valve 55, permitting the fresh supply of liquids to enter the conduit, which liquids pass through the open end of the conduit into the receptacle.

Besides conduits 52 and 56, for the drain-- dium to enter or save the receptacle or used I to create changes in temperature, a partial and through a tunnel 53 into the pipe 53;

vacuum or a higher ressure in the interior of the receptacle, an they can he also employed to cause a thorough atmosphericventilation of the device and its interior during the operation.

Actuationofthe piston is provided for means of thedouble cam 62 fastened upon the iston 10, a roller 61 entering the groove of, t e cam, the roller being mountedin a bracket 63, the base 64 of vvhich is'secured to the upper part of the standard 11.

. The roller stem has a fork 65 near its upper end to 'prevent it from rotating, while at its'extreme top 66, is secured 1 Pinion ,68, having a screw. threaded. hub 67. The

teeth of the pinion 68 mesh withthe spur gear 69 upon the upper end of the shaft '40. Thisshaftmaybe rotated by 'a hand wheel .71, through the pair of bevel gears 72 so as to cause the stem of the roller to.

be raised, and disconnected fromthe cam; otherwise the stem 60, carryin the roller causes the piston to shiftin an out of the receptacle as it is rotated. v

In order to' replenish thefliquid with ingredients so that a new supply may be furnished tothe receptacle, the aforementioned percolator 75 'shown in Figures 15, 16, '17 is connected by the pipes53 and 59 and with the corresponding conduits-of the reciprocating piston 10. This percolator is provided with an internal spiral floor, theupperend 76 of which isperforated, the pipe 59 discharging the exhausted liquids drawn from the tanning machine by a pump device 102, into the upper part of; the 'recep-,

tacle 7 Theliquids pass through the perforations and drop upon the solid spiral floor 77, and finally flow out of the spout 7 8 I "need for a similar device as in Fig. 23 by inserti'nyzi a' special removable frame (not shown) in place of frame'l'l'.

which, connected with a feeder 1 03, passes the purified and strengthened liquids hack into the receptacle. V

A partition 79 divides the spiral tank floor and compels the solutions to pass through the perforations of the upperpar't and tofall in drops to the lower floor leaving its deposits on .the perforated floor.

A pipe 80 conveying suitable medium, (gasesor vapors), with whichthe liquids dropping through the perforations are tobe charged, enters and discharges this medium into a purifyingfluid in the scrubbing tank 81 placed at the lower part of tank 75. 'Having as'sedthe fluid, the, clean gaseous medium ascends through the perforated artition 82 into the upper portion often 75;

' contents.

tached to the upright 11' zpinion to engage the teeth 24;, formed on the head 23, by means of which the receptacle the upper end of the tank is a gauge 83, in dicating the pressure of the liquids and a thermometer '84 showing the temperature. The pipe 59 has aninward-ly opening valve 85 while an outwardly opening valve 86 is provided for the spout: 78. The mixer or feeder 103, constituting a reservoir or tank into whichare placed fresh treating agents to 'mix with those agents that may be therein,'is connected with pipe 53 as shown in Figure 15, which serves to supplythe out-flowing liquids with new chemical agents and represents one of the independent sources for replenishing or m'etamorphosing the treating medium in the rotating receptacle. The conduits 87 and 88 of the piston 10 for admitting thep'assage of gases or for atmospheric ventilation of the receptacle 5 have 'pressure 'producing apparatus 150, pipe 93 being provided with a threeway valve 93", thus facilitating the circulation of air, other gaseous or additional liquid agents through thereceptacle 5, and enabling, through-the setting of valve 93", the creation of vacuum or pressure Within the receptacle. Pipe 94; passes a device 105 for heating or cooling its The three way valve connected to pipe 93,

to a pipe 93 leading to a convertible vacuum or pressure producing apparatus 150 and to the atmosphere, can "be adjusted to couneet'93 with 93 or 93 with the atmosphere or cutoff: 93 fr0m both atmosphere and pipe 93. y a n The inner'end of the piston "10 in Fig. .20 or 10 in Fig. 2 is provided with a toothed partfrespectively 97 and 97*? shown in Figs.

2'and 20, which teeth are adapted to engage.

was difi'erent exchangeable devices such as shown by' F1 23 for carrymp treating medium; i

.TnFigJlQ the teethshown by 97 can he Pulleys 98'and99 (Figure 1) aremounted on a shaft which is lodged in bearings at the shaft having a can befrotated. Instead of a belt drive, an

electric motor (not shown) may. be employed.

The complete operation and method of carrying out this process of tanning leather b'y means of the above described apparatus is to talre a batch of hides 55 to 70 pounds .salted weight in order to produce 50 or 60 ounds of dry, marketable, sole leather.

I *About 8 days dehairing in t warehousethus charging the down-flowingiliquids, At which includes about-3 days soaking and cleansing and 4: days clepilating. When this is done, 3 or 4 days elapse before the hides are put in the automatic tanning machine, where they remain for 3" to 4 days-they are then retanned for l to 5 days and then dried and finishcd-whic'h takes from 10 to 12 days. The entire process takes from 26' to 35 days, according to the weight of the hides.

The number of hides may be limited, but the preferable number is from 150 to 200 hides in one batchor if in sides, the number may be 300 or 400 takenfrom the beamthe edges in the clamping rods 30. They are then fitted in the slots in the heads 19 and 20 so that the heads and tails of the hides hang down towards the centre of the receptacle and near its ends.

, If a full force is employed on a batch of hides for sole leather, the head and tail of each hide is secured to the two ends of the receptacle by means of movable hooks and the machine is closed tight. The machine is put in rotation and the movement of the hides, circulation of the liquors and media are automatically functioned under this treatment. The whole batch of hides comes out equal and identical in every respect each having been cleaned by the syphon action of luke warm water for about 10 minutes, which suiiices to remove all dirt.

After the lukewarm water is withdrawn,

this operation;is immediately followedby the application of a preparatory mediathe base rocess described in application forPatent erial No. 182,751 filed July 25th, 1917,

instead of the present coloring treatment in handlers.

It is now that the real process of tannin starts-the solutions made and forced in an out of the receptacle, circulating in and niround and between the hides, improved by t is cle is rotating all the time while the hides are carried in the interior and they are being intermittently submerged half the time and piling upon themselves as they enter the solution-folding and unfolding'one by one at a time, leaving the solution while superimposed und pressing and squeezing out the liquids; finally separating and straining both from gravity and the action of the workable hooks as they move longitudinally back and forth and around with the top of the receptacle.

The strength of the tanning media isconstantly increased, electricity is applied as often as necessary, and as the above operation proceeds and is either forced into the container or allowed to run in or drain out by gravity, the hides are alternately submerged and drained, and treated as outlined by the application. The structureof the hides acts like a membrane and absorbs the solution which flows between and over the ercolator or other means. The receptastrength. The amount of solution necessaryv for a batch of hides is from to gallons. This is sufiicient liquid for a constant circulation of a durable stream-enough to completely submerge the hides during part of the rotation and the hides are subjected to fiexures and pressures to thoroughly knead I the structure of them and their fibres dur house as they are clearhairedand fastenedby them as their hanging bar reaches the upper sideof' the container.

'After 24 hours of this operation, the temperature of the tanning media is raised to Fahr. and 10Baum strength. The circulation of the liquid continues and the hooks may be disconnected so that the hides may be acted'uponby gravity only, and being gradually saturated with the media while in the lower side of the receptacle, but free to receive gas injections when in the upper side of the tank-when the breathing operation takes place and the temperature of the gas and the density of the liquors increased in this'way, preparing the hides for their next submersion, and working in curvilineal lines.

As soon as the liquors indicate that the firength of the absorbed media is 20 or 26 aum, the operation is stopped, the gas is discharged and the liquid drawn off and purified and stored for future use. The tanned leather taken out of the machines is placed in vats, preferably in a concentrated liquor of 26 to 30 Ba-um for 3 to 4 days where the temperature is gradually raised to 110 Fahr. once a day. The hides are then dried and finished by other machinery for consumption.

It must be understood, however, that the treatment of different kinds of hides demands variations of this method, but the changes are slight and simply require differ -ent strength media, temperature or length of treatment.

The suspension, agitation and treatment of the hides may be varied according to their quality and the purpose for which they are designed. The treatment may be also dis- 'tinct-ly divided into three phases: A, the

are located in pockets 20 in the end spool or s ider 109, rotatably mounted on shaft 10. his spider 109 with shaft 10* is rotatably Boduits; shown in Fig. 2

345 e some mounted iniepit or-ioundation adapted to hold the lower'helfof theispider as shown in Figs, 2A and 25, the upper half having a. removable .cover.to;e11el0se -i;he rotating ale? 5' ment i rhich isv revolved by the fixedf pulley '99 and carries the/loosev ulley 9B 4 The treating medium enters theoft hand end ,of 10in esimilxirway as'sbown and described 1 in-F-QO thmngh the openings. in the shaft 10 1043' into" the bottom of the pit and leaves throughythe pipes 47 ,.51, .en'd tothe pipe 59 by revitya i r 1 .ET he e ectric; conneetionsere shown in Figs. -24end 25 by letters A and flows through :thetreeting medium-from one ,end of thepit the other. B, the second- .a treatmentin e rota closed receptacle, nllththe hides moving b0 il'y therein and be 7 ing'cpertielly mechenicelly agiteted under theinfluence of.treeting egentslheingcirculated and improved-throughbnt one intake and one outlet conduit shown in Figures20, -21--and 23"; C, the ,supreme o rvfull treatjmentg ini a rotl ting-closed receptacle with zo'thehides moving bodily therein 'while being yibret'edor otherwise mechanically worked underi' the influence-of nienifold agents, the snmet heing i 'elcte'd" to-end ejectedlrom the, receptacle y'wny of a plurality of coni p and in Fig. 3by 52, 56,;87 and 88. ,The treatingegents are con- --tinue1 ly'circuleted and improved while the iHtGIlQLEOf the receptacle is' beingsuhjctd -to difi'e'rent ,temper atures Midi presursfto or to a; vacuum.

qparstus i edapted ior the ifirst two kinds of trieetrnents.ff= .'lhe eneml construction of these devices is simr or to that shown in Fig- 40 -nres 1 and *2-,"-but-the hides ere she ended fr0m the periphery. of" the receptor: e and irom-the c enter. t

The centralportionsofthe rings-19 :1 11d 20- -,-.a,re efiixe'd to shaft flo'." rotating with Figure 20 o'r i'viththe hide --.su'pporti'ni freine109 (in Eig'grefli). Connected-to t e. toothed heed="(9r. :is en eicchengeeoledevice H'Mfrzhioh may be used as vibrator for the hides, or as distribution oor? oonduitgjior difierent v treating agents ztfigs. 20.snd 23) p e V Gear; 110,1nitshi'ng; ith its teethintogear 11 1, connected with head 97, mgtybeI'driven 1 yd iv s-;P.\ .11 ye 13: s as or mor s L:hFP-d.:9=7 inilhgdir'ection of the rotation ofthi' joc eptacle i and". instep than; the I latter. .Thu's; the teethgof heedfflnill 'repi'dl v slide -upon theitoothed heed. 9190i the dev ce 97 connected with sheit 104 and produce? 1i motion," ceuses; certain hides (usually the heavier hides, sus ended from the periphery "end ettsched to eiice ii'i't'f) yibrnte. A

opping (151)};keeps the device 97 continua ly pulling the heed 97 by the spring 151 B and the current any m e'',I. 1 i

ligation of different now treating h ta Jo h p ces by chemical reactions, and

' Thispulling the shaft 10 against 97'. \V hen no vibration is wanted, gear 1 10 is'not actueted. The improved treating e ents may be injected from either side intot 1e rece )tacle end drained therefroni liy replaceable rainmg ,nieens' 47 located inside oroutside of the receptacle while draining means shown in Figures 20 and 21 liitthe exhausted'medie from the lower portiol'rof the receptacle and compel them to flow and 56 into the ercoletor. Testing stations 114 are provide vot both the inlet and outlet openings, to ellowthe operator to test and control the properties of the treating agents; This drawing moons referred 126; preferably consists of e pocket 47 covering a. valve 152, connected'to conduit 50*, 51 end 56 which connects to the outside of the contniner;

The device 9? may be exchanged for another, performing different duties.

' Tllheessentiel feature of this invention is toromplletely carry out: the. entire process for eec hide 'jindiriduaily, thus allowing the depilating, tanning an fby this treating process of quantities of hides of difierent pedi ree in the shortest possibletime, without interrupting at any time ony oneof the chemical; physical 1 or mechanical efients which ecu-om pniiy tlienpplicn tion of the proc ers of the inventionos described. in connection with the shore description ofthe-preferned apparatus. Y 'j t "The curvilinear method of working the hides actuated from other pointsythnu "that of their'suspension is one of the improved features of the process It'is .itoi'zomplished through the L-ombinotion. of two different-iat iii-155' miter? and exit! motions'of the' hides;

' he hrezithing or the action caused by the bodily motions of; the hides from each other-during their individual mnnipul nation of the-hides --from outside of the receptacle made po'ss'ilale by the :diselosed o-pqparntus, is also: it, "frery'inrportant' 'iteml': hefeonv'eyiilg of irhjirored treating mediurn' into tlief receptocle'from one oitlie 'serernl' conduits having independent sources is another feature of great toward and s it The up p agents'en especiellyi theintroduction of the direct treatment through gaseous meclia' is, feeture'.-- The provision possible the use of treating irgents high specific gravity at producedthrough temperature and pressure changes or the provision of streaking of high tensity or certain income .for reducing or, otherwise ehanging thefdensity or-speclfic gravity of sand agents during the e orat on," to nduce, thorough penetretion 0 them into the hide structure,

7, is'enother pointof the process. Also the ripthrough conduits 5Q; 51

v l 7 rotation. The

plice t1on of; eleetricity; the" percolation method, to whic inv media-may hesubjected 65 changing tanning me the renioirul and return of the strengthened liquids, their possible conversion and reconversion, etc., represent items, of importance. Modifications or vnriutions in the constructionend use of the described apparatus and in the process itself may he adopted without departing mm the originul idea. of the invention as set may-be employed in anyway that is-cepable 10 OfKIO erly producing the desired resu t.

hi e for instance at rotating receptacle is indicated to be at one end rotutnbly supported at its periphery, the hollow shaft extension of the other end revolving in its long control bearing, with a. reci iroceting conduitous piston within the hol ow shai't, any other device may be introduced to accent plish the purpose sought.

Having thus explained the nature of this invention enddescrihed the manner of con .strueting and using the same, without attempting to set fort-h all of the forms in which it may be made or all the methods connected with its use, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:- V

' 1. The process cftreetin 'hides and skins secured within a receptacle, comprisingmow ing the hides and skins therein working them from points other then their suspension and circulating a. tanning medium within the container without stopping the motion of the containers.

2. The process of treating hides and skins within a reeeptecle'comprising moving them in a. culvilinear manner from points other than their points of suspension, subjecting them to the action of a circulating medium, renovating and strengthening the medium without stopping the motion of the container, 40 as set forth. 1 3. Thgdprocess of treatin hides and skins suspend within a rotatah e receptacle comprising moving the hides and skins in it curvilineer manner from points other than their points of suspension, continuously circulatmg atannin medium in and out of the receptncle, ven ileting the receptacle without stopping the motion of the receptacle, as set fort l 4. The process of treating or parts thereof secured within arece comprising-moving I manner from points other than their points of en ension, circulating e out ,o the receptacle, applying different temperatures, utilizin the effect of a vne uum end ventilating t e receptacle, andcow tents therein, without stopping the motion of the receptacle, as set forth.

5. The process of treating hides and skins in-whole, or pert, secured within a rotatable receptacle comprising moving them in a cirvilinear manner from oints other than their points of suspension, circulating a constantly 'um therein, produchides and skins tacle forth and any apparatus during a. vacuum, ,and producing epressure within the con tainer without stopping them same, as set i them in a curvl menu medium into an,

and cooling the recepventilating the rece'p the motion of the ing it vacuum, hentin tacle llnd contents an tacle, without stopping same, as set forth.

6. The recess of treaLtin hides and skins 7 suspends within a rotatab e container e0mprising movin them in a curvilinear manner from points ot er thanthose oftheir points of suspension, subjecting them to the action of a tanning medium circulated into and out of the container end'producing a, pressure within the container-without stopping the motion of the same as set forth.

, 7. The recess oii-treatinghidesand skins secured within a container, comprising movs in them in a. curvilinear manner from points ct er thun their poi tsoi suspension, subjecting them continuously to the notion of tanning medium, heating and cooling the medium and renovating-"end strengthenin" the medium, without 'sto ping the motion 0 the container, as set fort s 8. The process of treating hides and skins or parts t ereof,suspende within one: ble container comprising moving them in a, curvilinear manner their points of sus whim-applying a series of circulating media, heetnig'te media, and ventiletin t e container during the operation, as'se forth.

' -9 The recess of treating hidesand skins or parts t iereof, suspended within a. rotatehle container comprising workingthem-in e curvilinear manner from points other than their points of suspension, treating medium, gradually changing the temperature within the container, producing a vacuum, ventilating the 'containe'r and renovating the treating medium, without stop ing the motion of he fort r 10. The'process of treating hides cndskins or parts thereof, suspended within a. rotateble container comprising moving tliem in 'a curvilinear manner, medium having ,v'eriiible temperatures, proventilating the container 'otion'oi the forth. v

11. The process of .treatinghides and skins or parts thereof, suspended within arotatable container comprising working thein'in a curvilinear manner from points other than their points treating medium in conjunction with gases under pressure, cooling the interior of the container and the medium and strengthening the medium without stopping the motion of the container, as set 'forth.

12. The process of trenting'hides and. skins or parts thereof, suspended within a rotate.- ble container comprising working the same in e curvilinear manner irom' points otherthen their points of suspension, circulating 1 from points other th -9 5 circulating e container, as set 'irculating a treating of suspension, circulating a lniedium to .atreating medium, producing a pressure within-thecontainer and producing a vacuum within the' container without stopping the-motion. of, the same, as set forth.

. 13. Theprocoss of treating hides and skim; or parts thereof, suspended within a, rotatable container comprising working the same in a @curvilinearmanner from points other than-their oints of suspension, circulating treating so utionsand gases from diflerent conduits and, ventilating the container without stopping the motion of the same, asset forth 14..The process of treating hides and skins or farts thereof, in a hermetically clo'sable an rotatable receptacle comprising moving the hidesand skins or parts thereof, in 2a ,curyilinear. manner from points other than -;'the 1.r.-*points.of suspension, constantly cir- .qulatingnn'dimproving the tanning medium hyqdissolving salts of, antimonyv therein, produc ngtilating t i :withiu thereo'ntainer, urifying and replenish- .inggthe medium circu ating continuously into and out of the container, without stopping v.themotlonrznf the, container, asset. forth.

- 15. The arocess oftr'eatiigrhides andskins or; arts t ereo'f, suspend within a rota- .Ial) e; conta ine r comprising. circulating a ,mcdium'iu such. uantitiesas will be immediatelyabsorloe by= the hides and skins within the container, ejecting vthe used majiteuial'fnot retained 'hyjthe treated material -in this circulation Without stopping the motion of the container, as set-forth.

16.: fllhe process ofitreatin g hides and skins gor-Jpartslhereof, suspended within a rotatable container comprising circulating a .medium that; is influenced by the continuou'sly changing, chemical condition taking :lfliice within the container, in such successiye. uantities as will he immediately abbyhihehides held, within the con-; ti Liner,ejectinginthe circulatin process the fused material not retained by te hides and skins and; 'purifyi-ng and replenishing the recess of treatin hides and skins ,or parts t ereof, suspends within a rotaisliiug, the medium to be used over again,

without stop the motion, of thecontainerJus set orth.

6L5 1 8. Theprocess or treating hides and skins ressure vithin the container, wenecontainer, producing a vacuum stopping the motion ofthe container, as-set e usedover again, without stoppirigthe-motion of.- the container, as set another is applied,

suspended within a rotatable container, comprising the action of a treating medium and gases within the container, cn'cula'tin .the medium continuously into-and out o the container and heating and cooling the 70 med um without stopping the mo ion of the conta ner, as set fort 19'. l heprocess of treatin hidesand skins collectively, that are suspend? d within a rotatable container comprising workingthe hides and skins in a curvilinear manner from points other than their points of suspension, circulating a treatin medium into and out of the container,- a p ying ases'under pressure, increasing t e circu sting media in ,volume and decreasing it in density, without stoppinlgvthe motion of the container, as set fo'rt. H

20. The rocess of treatin hides and skins or artsft ereof, suspends .within'arotatab e, ,container comprisingmechanically working the hides and skins in a curvilinear manner from points other thanvthei r points of suspension,- continuously circulating; the

medium and increasing thespecific gravity andttemperature of the medium without forth.

7 21. The rocess of -treating hides and skins or parts t ereof, .suspended'in a rotatable container, compr sing working the hidesaand skins in a curvilinear manner from points otherl-than their points ofjsuspension, circulating a treating medium continuously into and out of the container and forcing the medium, over the surface of the hides and sld'usfwithout stopping the motion of the containenasset forth.

422.1 The processof treatin hides and skins I or parts thereof, suspende table container comprising moving the hides within a rotaandlslrins in a curvilinear; manner from points otlienthan their, points of suspension, circulating a treating medium continuously,

alternately causing thehides and skins to heimmersedin and emerge from the treating agents and applying anelectric current tov v the medium without stopping the motion of the container, as set forth.

23. The process of treating hides andskins or parts. thereof, ,suspended 'within a rotatable container, comprising circulating treating solution, removing one solution before H roducmg pressureand, a vacuum gwltlun t e container, "applying.

heat to the "medium, ejecting the, used material from the inside of thecontainer to the outside thereof duringthe procesa of circulation, purifying and replenishingthe medium and registering the pedigree-and indicatingthe time required for an ode uate treatment of'each individual hide'witout gtoplping the motion of the container, as set or I Q L'The process of treating hides and 0 motion of the reel: ta'cle, per

piston, means for engaging and disengaging saidlevers from the'piston, and means-to revolve said receptacle' 1 Y 36; In a hide treating apparatus, the combination comprisinga rotatable mounted receptacle, hijde' holding means within said receptacle, an'an'nular lOll0W ring adapted to receive liquids located upon the outside of the receptacle, partitions in said ringdivid-.

in'g' the sameinto aplurality of chambers for receiving treating-medium, openings pro -vided in one chamber for the insertion ot antimon-"salts or other-c'ompounds to be dissolve :or' -heat enerated' by" an electric current, air-tight c oors Tcmovably engaged with said openings, communicating openings in eachpartitionihavin'g check-valves which close in, the direction 0 posite to the i orations providcd'to spray Ethe iquid contents from the hollow annular ring upon the hides, all'chambers but one, communicating with the interior of th'efrece'ptacle, longitudinally disposed.

conduit outside of the" receptacle communicatingfrom this chamberwhich has no perforatmns .to' an axially located conduit and means to revolve the-container.

37. In a hide treating apparatus, the-combination comprising. a rec'eptacle rotatable mounted at one of its ends-upon an annular .rail located at the periphery ofthe receptacle, the other end having at its center, an

axial hollowsha-ft constituting apiston'revolvable inn 'long' bearing, conduits within said piston communicating from the interior of the receptacleto' the atmosphere ordeviees located outside of the receptacle and means to rotateth'receptaclc.

38. Ina hide treating apparatus,- the combin ation "comprising a rotatable receptacle, an ann ularring attached to the'outsideof the receptacle "ha-Vingchambers for receiv- *ing salts of antimony tobe-dissolvedby the heat ofan' electric current, a conduit located upon the periphery of the" receptacle con- ;nectin the 'annula'r rin'g"with an axially located conduit, a piston, one end of which projects into thereceptacle, a plurality 10f conduits within the piston, the inside end of- ODE of the piston conduits communicating with a -radially dispos outside conduit connedtedto'the aforesaid peripheral con 'duit, said=conduit adapted to discharge from the annular rin "into said piston conduit when said o'utsi e conduitis above the horizontal plane bisectingthe receptacle, anan nular recessed bea-ring transmitting treating.

material, a pipe connected tosaid recess for "draining its conduits, afcheck'yalvein said piston conduits-tor preventing the backflow of its co'jntents into there-dial outside conduit when the latter is beneath the horizontal plane bisecting the receptac'le and means to LI V e't-he receptacl p '39..In a hide treating apparatus, the

combination comprising a rotatable receptacle,an axially located piston with one of its ends projecting into the receptacle, said piston located in a long bearing, a plurality of recesses in said bearing, a conduit prov1d'ed IDSELlCl piston for dlscharglngthe treatlng "materials of the receptacle, a plurality of conduits located within the piston for passinga liquid or gaseous medium into the reccptacle, a cylindrical chamber located at the outer end of the bearing said piston slidin into said chamber, 'a check valve pro "Vlt ed in one of the piston conduits opening means fordissolving the said salts by the heat of an electric current, means for carrying the"treat1ngmater1als mto and out of the receptacle and means for rotating the receptacle;

- ell. In a hide treating apparatus, the. combination comprising a rotatable receptacle adapted to hold hides and skins or parts thereof and treatingmedium, a piston adapted to act as a conduit for carrying the encnlating treating medium into and out of the receptacle, simultaneously causing the hides and skins 'or parts thereof to be worked-in a curvilinear manner'from points (other than their points of suspension, an annular hollow ring outside and around the receptacle communicating with its interior having chambers which are adapted to contain 'salts'of antimony or the like to be dissolved into the medium by the heat of an electric current, a conduit connecting said chamber to a conduit in said piston and means "for rotating said receptacle.

42;. In ahide treating apparatus, the combination of a rotatable receptacle'adapted to contain hides and skins and treating materials, a piston longitudinally movable adapted to rotate with the-receptacle, means for reciprocating said piston longitudinally, means for controlling the movement orstopping the reciprocating motion of said piston, conduits for circulatingthe treating materials into and out of the receptacleand meansto rotate the receptacle.

43. In :1 hide treating apparatus, the com- 

